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77 Counterfeit Open VSX Extensions Collected Developer and CI/CD Data

Security researchers found 150 lookalike Open VSX extensions published under trusted names, highlighting how extension marketplaces can expose developer credentials, source code, and CI/CD systems to supply-chain risk.

The post 77 Counterfeit Open VSX Extensions Collected Developer and CI/CD Data appeared first on TechRepublic.

Claude Code and DeepSeek Powered Chinese Cyber Espionage Campaign

Chinese actors used Claude Code and DeepSeek to automate attacks that breached government systems and targeted financial firms.

Hunt.io researchers stumbled onto an active intrusion campaign in June 2026 while pivoting on known TencShell command-and-control infrastructure. A single HTTP header fingerprint on port 1111 led them to 13 Hong Kong-based servers and, on one of them, an open directory containing 2,431 files and 80 subdirectories: victim source code, custom exploit scripts, cloned login pages, and operator logs with notes written in Simplified Chinese. Someone left the door open. Researchers walked right in.

What made this find unusual wasn’t just the scope of the targeting. It was the tooling.

“What caught our attention was the tooling behind it. Claude Code and DeepSeek-v4-pro ran as working parts of the intrusion, not tools off to the side. They handled reasoning for bypass techniques, reworked exploits after failed attempts, and built the phishing pages used to harvest credentials.” reads the report published by Hunt.io. “That puts this campaign alongside Anthropic’s November 2025 disclosure of a China-linked operation that used Claude Code to automate large-scale intrusions.”

This puts the campaign alongside Anthropic’s own November 2025 disclosure of a China-linked operation that used Claude Code to automate large-scale intrusions.

The campaign resembles another China-linked operation that Anthropic disclosed in November 2025, where attackers also used Claude Code to automate large-scale intrusions.

The recovered logs show that the attackers split the work between two AI models. Claude Code 2.1.165 handled execution by running Bash commands, managing long-running sessions, carrying out tasks in parallel, and creating phishing infrastructure. DeepSeek-v4-pro handled the planning by generating scripts, choosing attack techniques, and finding new ways to bypass defenses when earlier attempts failed.

“DeepSeek-v4-pro operates as the underlying reasoning model, handling attack logic, script generation, and decision-making.” continues the report. “In short, offensive logic is routed through a Chinese domestic LLM while leveraging Anthropic’s agentic execution infrastructure.”

A recovered CLAUDE.md file also contained instructions telling Claude Code to automatically create, test, and improve cloned phishing pages for multiple targets.

Session IDs in the logs confirmed the same infrastructure was used across different country-specific campaigns, with Taiwan operations saved to dedicated working directories. Timestamps on the files span June 8 through 12, 2026, and the three servers sharing SSH keys were actively maintained as recently as June 18-19, when all three reissued their ARL certificates together.

In Thailand, attackers used SQLMap to exploit a government administrative system through SQL injection, gained admin panel access, and deployed a web shell disguised as a GIF file for persistent command execution. The exfiltrated database held the names, national ID numbers, and job titles of government employees. The directory contained 980 files referencing this system alone, suggesting a lengthy and focused operation. Test entries the attackers created during the intrusion confirmed they had hands-on, interactive access to the data, not just automated extraction.

In Afghanistan, a government web application handling citizen complaint submissions was compromised. The attackers extracted source code, database credentials, encryption keys, and mail infrastructure code from a Laravel 5.8.38 installation, then used those credentials to build a custom Python exploit targeting Laravel’s deserialization mechanisms. Six distinct copied versions of the complaint submission form appeared in the directory. For a state actor, access to a live channel where citizens report grievances against government and institutions is a particular kind of intelligence prize.

In Taiwan, eight organizations in supply chain and defense-adjacent sectors were mapped and fingerprinted, with two successfully exploited. A chemical manufacturer was hit through SQL injection. A telecom and edge device manufacturer was compromised after attackers found hardcoded Supabase keys and Azure Logic App tokens in publicly accessible JavaScript files, giving them direct access to cloud infrastructure accounts. The reconnaissance script targeting these organizations ran DNS brute-forcing, certificate transparency queries, and HTTP service fingerprinting with an emphasis on VPN gateways, GitLab instances, and Jira environments.

The United States appeared at earlier stages of the operation rather than as a confirmed breach. NASA hosts launchpad.nasa[.]gov and ngis.nasa[.]gov were logged in network scanning output but not pursued further. Cloned pages impersonating the D.C. Council and Delaware County, Pennsylvania were recovered at varying levels of completion: the D.C. Council WordPress admin login page was fully built while the homepage was still missing images.

Hunt.io assessed the targeting of mid-tier government administrative bodies as consistent with documented Chinese intelligence collection priorities around procurement, vendor relationships, and policy visibility. The county contact form clone, specifically built to capture citizen submissions, fits that same pattern.

A parallel campaign hit financial services firms across Europe, Australia, and Asia. A CORS exploit page on one of the attacker-controlled servers successfully extracted WordPress administrator credentials from a large payment processing platform, with LinkedIn cross-referencing confirming the extracted account names matched real employees.

“In addition to the government-sector activity, the operators ran a parallel campaign against financial services firms across multiple regions. The clearest example being an attacker-developed CORS exploit page on 112.213.124[.]159 that successfully extracted WordPress administrator account data from a large payment processing platform.” states the report. “A cross-reference on the exposed accounts against public LinkedIn profiles, confirmed individuals with the same name as employees of the company.”

The 13 servers are all in Hong Kong, spread across four hosting providers: VMISS Inc., MEGA-II IDC, CTG Server Limited, and Antbox Networks Limited. Three share SSH host key fingerprints and ran identical ARL reconnaissance software serving the same default TLS certificate, with fields pointing to Shanghai. Two servers in the cluster also presented certificates self-identifying as “Gshell C2,” a previously undocumented C2 framework. Because those two servers overlap with the TencShell cluster, Hunt.io assesses with moderate confidence that Gshell is a second C2 framework operated in parallel by the same actors.

The malware recovered from the delivery ports was a previously unreported Linux/ARM 32-bit binary that communicates back to the same infrastructure hub over WebSocket. It’s capable of extracting Tencent QQ messaging credentials including SDK identifiers and cryptographic keys, enterprise messaging platform tokens, and cloud service access keys. A separate Linux/x86 variant uses the Go obfuscation tool garble to strip function names, but both variants share an identical 80-byte encryption key, pointing to a shared codebase across architectures.

“The campaign reflects an intermediate-to-advanced capability set: custom exploit development aimed at specific framework versions, multi-platform malware variants, and integration of LLMs for real-time attack assistance.” concludes the report. “Observable indicators: Simplified Chinese in code and documentation, Hong Kong infrastructure clustering, and multi-continent targeting, are consistent with China-based threat actor activity.”

Hunt.io notified the affected organizations and national CERTs on July 6, 2026, and held publication for a seven-day disclosure window. The full indicator set, including file hashes and network infrastructure, is in the original report.

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Pierluigi Paganini

(SecurityAffairs – hacking, LLM)

Januscape Flaw in Linux KVM’s MMU Code Enables VM Escape on Intel and AMD

CVE-2026-53359

A newly disclosed Linux kernel vulnerability, CVE-2026-53359, dubbed Januscape, has exposed a critical weakness in the Linux Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) hypervisor. The flaw resides in the shadow MMU code and allows attackers to escape a virtual machine (VM), compromise the underlying host, and potentially execute arbitrary code.  Security researchers warn that the issue poses a serious risk to multi-tenant x86 public cloud environments running untrusted guests with nested virtualization enabled. 

Januscape Flaw Affects KVM Shadow MMU Code 

Discovered by security researcher Hyunwoo Kim (@v4bel), CVE-2026-53359 is described as a use-after-free vulnerability in the KVM/x86 shadow MMU code. According to Kim, the flaw can be triggered entirely from within a guest VM to corrupt the host kernel's shadow page state, ultimately breaking guest-to-host isolation. Kim demonstrated Januscape as a zero-day during Google's KVMCTF bug bounty program, which offers rewards of up to $250,000 for complete VM escape vulnerabilities. The researcher noted that this is the first publicly known KVM guest-to-host exploit research that can be triggered on both Intel and AMD systems, rather than being limited to a single architecture.

CVE-2026-53359 impact and affected systems 

Successful exploitation of Januscape can result in complete compromise of the host. Kim explained, "An attacker who has rented just a single instance on a public cloud could panic the host kernel to take down every other tenant VM on the same physical machine (DoS), or run code with root privilege on the host to take over the host and all the guests on it (RCE)."  In addition to VM escape, CVE-2026-53359 can enable local privilege escalation on certain Linux distributions. On systems such as Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), where /dev/kvm is world-writable (0666), unprivileged users may escalate privileges to root.  The vulnerability requires root privileges inside the guest VM, which public cloud users typically receive by default. If root access is unavailable, Kim said attackers could chain the flaw with another privilege escalation vulnerability, such as Dirty Frag. 

Patch availability and disclosure timeline 

According to the official GitHub advisory, Januscape remained hidden in the Linux kernel for roughly 16 years. The affected code spans the commit from 2032a93d66fa (August 1, 2010) through 81ccda30b4e8 (June 16, 2026). The issue was patched in the mainline Linux kernel on June 19, 2026, when commit 81ccda30b4e8 was merged.  The advisory states that a proof-of-concept (PoC) executed inside a guest VM can reliably trigger a host's kernel panic within seconds or minutes. While a full VM escape exploit exists in a controlled environment, it has not been publicly released. Following coordinated disclosure through linux-distros@vs.openwall.org and the end of the agreed embargo, the exploit details were published on oss-security along with technical documentation.  The advisory also clarifies that CVE-2026-53359 affects only Intel and AMD-based KVM hosts, not arm64 systems. It further notes that the vulnerability exists within KVM's in-kernel MMU code, making it independent of QEMU's emulation and potentially impacting cloud providers using custom virtualization stacks. Administrators running multi-tenant x86 KVM hosts with nested virtualization are advised to ensure the 81ccda30b4e8 patch has been applied. 

How Claude Planted Malicious Code In A Crypto-Trading App

A malicious campaign by North Korean state actors saw a malicious npm package dependency slipped into a crypto trading agent by an AI coding agent, according to a new report by ReversingLabs. The incident highlights a troubling new frontier in software supply chain attacks: hackers targeting developers...and the AI tools writing their code.

The post How Claude Planted Malicious Code In A Crypto-Trading App appeared first on The Security Ledger with Paul F. Roberts.

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